July 6: On This Day

Events, births, deaths, holidays and observances for July 6.

Events 67

371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta's reputation of military invincibility.
83 BC – The Temple of Jupiter on the Capitoline Hill in Rome is burned down and the Sibylline books of prophecy destroyed with it.
640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt).
1253 – Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania.
1348 – Pope Clement VI issues a papal bull protecting the Jews accused of having caused the Black Death.
1411 – Ming China's Admiral Zheng He returns to Nanjing after the third treasure voyage and presents the Sinhalese king, captured during the Ming–Kotte War, to the Yongle Emperor.
1415 – Jan Hus is condemned by the assembly of the council in the Konstanz Cathedral as a heretic and sentenced to be burned at the stake.
1438 – A temporary compromise between the rebellious Transylvanian peasants and the noblemen is signed in Kolozsmonostor Abbey.
1439 – The reunion of the Catholic and Orthodox Church is proclaimed and celebrated with a public holiday.
1483 – Richard III and Anne Neville are crowned King and Queen of England.
1484 – Portuguese sea captain Diogo Cão finds the mouth of the Congo River.
1495 – First Italian War: Battle of Fornovo: Charles VIII defeats the Holy League.
1536 – Thomas More is executed after having been condemned on perjured evidence.
1536 – The explorer Jacques Cartier lands at St. Malo at the end of his second expedition to North America. He returns with none of the gold he expected to find.
1557 – King Philip II of Spain, consort of Queen Mary I of England, sets out from Dover to war with France, which eventually resulted in the loss of the city of Calais, the last English possession on the continent, and Mary I never seeing her husband again.
1560 – The Treaty of Edinburgh is signed by Scotland and England.
1573 – Córdoba, Argentina, is founded by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera.
1573 – French Wars of Religion: Siege of La Rochelle ends.
1614 – Raid on Żejtun: The south east of Malta, and the town of Żejtun, suffer a raid from Ottoman forces. This was the last unsuccessful attempt by the Ottomans to conquer the island of Malta.
1630 – Thirty Years' War: Four thousand Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus land in Pomerania, Germany.
1685 – Battle of Sedgemoor: Last battle of the Monmouth Rebellion. Troops of King James II defeat troops of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth.
1751 – Pope Benedict XIV suppresses the Patriarchate of Aquileia and establishes from its territory the Archdiocese of Udine and Gorizia.
1777 – American Revolutionary War: Siege of Fort Ticonderoga: After a bombardment by British artillery under General John Burgoyne, American forces retreat from Fort Ticonderoga, New York.
1779 – Battle of Grenada: The French defeat British naval forces in the Caribbean during the American Revolutionary War.
1791 – At Padua, the Emperor Leopold II calls on the monarchs of Europe to join him in demanding the king of France Louis XVI's freedom.
1801 – First Battle of Algeciras: Outnumbered French Navy ships defeat the Royal Navy in the fortified Spanish port of Algeciras.
1809 – The second day of the Battle of Wagram; France defeats the Austrian army in the largest battle to date of the Napoleonic Wars.
1854 – The Republican Party of the United States held its first convention in Jackson, Michigan.
1885 – Louis Pasteur successfully tests his vaccine against rabies on Joseph Meister, a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog.
1887 – David Kalākaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution, which transfers much of the king's authority to the Legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
1892 – Three thousand eight hundred striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving ten dead and dozens wounded.
1917 – World War I: Arabian troops led by T. E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia") and Auda ibu Tayi capture Aqaba from the Ottoman Empire during the Arab Revolt.
1918 – The Left SR uprising in Russia starts with the assassination of German ambassador Wilhelm von Mirbach by Cheka members.
1919 – The British dirigible R34 lands in New York, completing the first crossing of the Atlantic Ocean by an airship.
1933 – The first Major League Baseball All-Star Game is played in Chicago's Comiskey Park. The American League defeated the National League 4–2.
1936 – A major breach of the Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal in England sends millions of gallons of water cascading 200 feet (61 m) into the River Irwell.
1937 – Spanish Civil War: Battle of Brunete: The battle begins with Spanish Republican troops going on the offensive against the Nationalists to relieve pressure on Madrid.
1939 – Anti-Jewish legislation in prewar Nazi Germany closes the last remaining Jewish enterprises.
1940 – Story Bridge, a major landmark in Brisbane, as well as Australia's longest cantilever bridge is formally opened.
1941 – World War II: The German army launches its offensive to encircle several Soviet armies near Smolensk.
1942 – Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in the "Secret Annexe" above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse.
1944 – Jackie Robinson refuses to move to the back of a bus, leading to his court-martial.
1944 – The Hartford circus fire, one of America's worst fire disasters, kills approximately 168 people and injures over 700 in Hartford, Connecticut.
1947 – Referendum held in Sylhet to decide its fate in the Partition of India.
1947 – The AK-47 goes into production in the Soviet Union.
1957 – Althea Gibson wins at the Wimbledon Championships, becoming the first black athlete to do so.
1957 – John Lennon and Paul McCartney meet for the first time, as teenagers at Woolton Fete, three years before forming the Beatles.
1962 – As a part of Operation Plowshare, the Sedan nuclear test takes place.
1962 – The Late Late Show, the world's longest-running chat show by the same broadcaster, airs on RTÉ One for the first time.
1964 – Malawi declares its independence from the United Kingdom.
1966 – Malawi becomes a republic, with Hastings Banda as its first President.
1967 – Nigerian Civil War: Nigerian forces invade Biafra, beginning the war.
1975 – The Comoros declares independence from France.
1982 – While attempting to return to Sheremetyevo International Airport, Aeroflot Flight 411, an Ilyushin Il-62, crashes near Mendeleyevo, Moscow Oblast, killing all 90 people on board.
1988 – The Piper Alpha drilling platform in the North Sea is destroyed by explosions and fires. One hundred sixty-seven oil workers are killed, making it the world's worst offshore oil disaster in terms of direct loss of life.
1989 – The Tel Aviv–Jerusalem bus 405 suicide attack: Sixteen bus passengers are killed when a member of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad took control of the bus and drove it over a cliff.
1995 – In the Bosnian War, under the command of General Ratko Mladić, Serbia begins its attack on the Bosnian town of Srebrenica.
1996 – A McDonnell Douglas MD-88 operating as Delta Air Lines Flight 1288 experiences a turbine engine failure during takeoff from Pensacola International Airport, killing two and injuring five of the 147 people on board.
1997 – The Troubles: In response to the Drumcree dispute, five days of mass protests, riots and gun battles begin in Irish nationalist districts of Northern Ireland.
1998 – Hong Kong International Airport opens in Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong, replacing Kai Tak Airport as the city's international airport.
2003 – The 70-metre Yevpatoria Planetary Radar sends a METI message (Cosmic Call 2) to five stars: Hip 4872, HD 245409, 55 Cancri (HD 75732), HD 10307 and 47 Ursae Majoris (HD 95128). The messages will arrive to these stars in 2036, 2040, 2044, and 2049, respectively.
2006 – The Nathu La pass between India and China, sealed during the Sino-Indian War, re-opens for trade after 44 years.
2013 – At least 42 people are killed in a shooting at a school in Yobe State, Nigeria.
2013 – A Boeing 777 operating as Asiana Airlines Flight 214 crashes at San Francisco International Airport, killing three and injuring 181 of the 307 people on board.
2013 – A 73-car oil train derails in the town of Lac-Mégantic, Quebec and explodes into flames, killing at least 47 people and destroying more than 30 buildings in the town's central area.
2021 – An Antonov An-26 operating as Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251 crashes on approach to Palana Airport, killing all 28 aboard.
2022 – The Georgia Guidestones, a monument in the United States, are heavily damaged in a bombing, and are dismantled later the same day.

Births 189

1387 – Queen Blanche I of Navarre (died 1441)
1423 – Antonio Manetti, Italian mathematician and architect (died 1497)
1580 – Johann Stobäus, German lute player and composer (died 1646)
1623 – Jacopo Melani, Italian violinist and composer (died 1676)
1678 – Nicola Francesco Haym, Italian cellist and composer (died 1729)
1686 – Antoine de Jussieu, French biologist and academic (died 1758)
1701 – Mary, Countess of Harold, English aristocrat and philanthropist (died 1785)
1736 – Daniel Morgan, American general and politician (died 1802)
1747 – John Paul Jones, Scottish-American captain, early leader in the Continental Navy (died 1792)
1766 – Alexander Wilson, Scottish-American poet, ornithologist, and illustrator (died 1813)
1782 – Maria Luisa of Spain (died 1824)
1785 – William Hooker, English botanist and academic (died 1865)
1789 – María Isabella of Spain (died 1846)
1796 – Nicholas I of Russia (died 1855)
1797 – Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey (died 1869)
1799 – Louisa Caroline Huggins Tuthill, American author (died 1879)
1817 – Albert von Kölliker, Swiss anatomist and physiologist (died 1905)
1818 – Adolf Anderssen, German chess player (died 1879)
1823 – Sophie Adlersparre, Swedish publisher, writer, and women's rights activist (died 1895)
1829 – Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (died 1880)
1831 – Sylvester Pennoyer, American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of Oregon (died 1902)
1832 – Maximilian I of Mexico (died 1867)
1837 – R. G. Bhandarkar, Indian orientalist and scholar (died 1925)
1838 – Vatroslav Jagić, Croatian philologist and scholar (died 1923)
1840 – José María Velasco Gómez, Mexican painter and academic (died 1912)
1843 – John Downer, Australian politician, 16th Premier of South Australia (died 1915)
1846 – Ángela Peralta, Mexican opera singer (died 1883)
1856 – George Howard Earle, Jr., American lawyer and businessman (died 1928)
1858 – William Irvine, Irish-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Victoria (died 1943)
1865 – Émile Jaques-Dalcroze, Swiss composer and educator (died 1950)
1868 – Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom (died 1935)
1873 – Dimitrios Maximos, Greek banker and politician, 140th Prime Minister of Greece (died 1955)
1877 – Arnaud Massy, French golfer (died 1950)
1878 – Eino Leino, Finnish poet and journalist (died 1926)
1883 – Godfrey Huggins, Prime Minister of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (died 1971)
1884 – Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, American businessman and sailor (died 1970)
1885 – Ernst Busch, German field marshal (died 1945)
1886 – Marc Bloch, French historian and academic (died 1944)
1887 – Marc Chagall, Belarusian-French painter and poet (died 1985)
1887 – Annette Kellermann, Australian swimmer and actress (died 1975)
1890 – Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Indian-American author and scholar (died 1936)
1891 – Earle S. MacPherson, American engineer, created MacPherson strut (died 1960)
1891 – Steve O'Neill, American baseball player (died 1962)
1892 – Will James, American author and illustrator (died 1942)
1897 – Richard Krautheimer, German-American historian and scholar (died 1994)
1898 – Hanns Eisler, German-Austrian soldier and composer (died 1962)
1899 – Susannah Mushatt Jones, American supercentarian (died 2016)
1900 – Frederica Sagor Maas, American author and screenwriter (died 2012)
1900 – Elfriede Wever, German Olympic runner (died 1941)
1903 – Hugo Theorell, Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1982)
1905 – Juan O'Gorman, Mexican painter and architect (died 1982)
1907 – Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter and educator (died 1954)
1907 – George Stanley, Canadian soldier, historian, and author, designed the flag of Canada (died 2002)
1908 – Anton Muttukumaru, Sri Lankan general and diplomat (died 2001)
1909 – Eric Reece, Australian politician, 32nd Premier of Tasmania (died 1999)
1910 – René Le Grèves, French cyclist (died 1946)
1911 – June Gale, American actress (died 1996)
1912 – Heinrich Harrer, Austrian geographer and mountaineer (died 2006)
1914 – Viola Desmond, Canadian businesswoman and civil rights activist (first Canadian woman on a Canadian banknote) (died 1965)
1914 – Vince McMahon Sr., American wrestling promoter, founded WWE (died 1984)
1914 – Ernest Kirkendall, American chemist and metallurgist (died 2005)
1915 – Leonard Birchall, Royal Canadian Air Force pilot (died 2004)
1916 – Harold Norse, American poet and author (died 2009)
1917 – Arthur Lydiard, New Zealand runner and coach (died 2004)
1918 – Sebastian Cabot, English-Canadian actor (died 1977)
1918 – Francisco Moncion, Dominican-American ballet dancer, charter member of the New York City Ballet (died 1995)
1919 – Ernst Haefliger, Swiss tenor and educator (died 2007)
1919 – Edward Kenna, Australian Second World War recipient of the Victoria Cross (died 2009)
1921 – Allan MacEachen, Canadian economist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (died 2017)
1921 – Nancy Reagan, American actress and activist, 42nd First Lady of the United States (died 2016)
1922 – William Schallert, American actor; president (1979–81) of the Screen Actors Guild (died 2016)
1923 – Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish general and politician, 1st President of the Third Polish Republic (died 2014)
1923 – Cathy O'Donnell, American actress (died 1970)
1924 – Mahim Bora, Indian writer and educationist, recipients of the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour (died 2016)
1924 – Louie Bellson, American drummer, composer, and bandleader (died 2009)
1925 – Ruth Cracknell, Australian actress (died 2002)
1925 – Merv Griffin, American actor, singer, and producer, created Wheel of Fortune and Jeopardy! (died 2007)
1925 – Bill Haley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1981)
1925 – Gazi Yaşargil, Turkish neurosurgeon and academic (died 2025)
1926 – Sulev Vahtre, Estonian historian and academic (died 2007)
1926 – Dorothy E. Smith, Canadian sociologist (died 2022)
1927 – Jan Hein Donner, Dutch chess player and journalist (died 1988)
1927 – Janet Leigh, American actress and author (died 2004)
1927 – Pat Paulsen, American comedian (died 1997)
1929 – Hélène Carrère d'Encausse, French politician historian (died 2023)
1930 – George Armstrong, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 2021)
1930 – Ian Burgess, English racing driver (died 2012)
1931 – Della Reese, American actress and singer (died 2017)
1931 – László Tábori, Hungarian runner and coach (died 2018)
1932 – Herman Hertzberger, Dutch architect and academic
1935 – Candy Barr, American model, dancer, and actress (died 2005)
1935 – Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama
1936 – Dave Allen, Irish comedian, actor, and screenwriter (died 2005)
1937 – Vladimir Ashkenazy, Russian-Icelandic pianist and conductor
1937 – Ned Beatty, American actor (died 2021)
1937 – Bessie Head, Botswanan writer (died 1986)
1937 – Michael Sata, Zambian police officer and politician, 5th President of Zambia (died 2014)
1939 – Jet Harris, English bass player (died 2011)
1939 – Mary Peters, English-Irish pentathlete and shot putter
1939 – Gérard Bourgoin, French sports executive, president of AJ Auxerre (2011–2013) and (Ligue de Football Professionnel) (died 2025)
1940 – Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakh politician, 1st President of Kazakhstan
1940 – Jeannie Seely, Grammy Award-winning country music singer-songwriter and Grand Ole Opry member (died 2025)
1940 – Siti Norma Yaakob, Malaysian lawyer and judge
1940 – Gene Chandler, American singer-songwriter and producer
1941 – David Crystal, British linguist, author, and academic
1941 – Reinhard Roder, German footballer and manager
1942 – Ian Leslie, Indonesian-Australian journalist and television host
1943 – Tamara Sinyavskaya, Russian soprano
1944 – Byron Berline, American world champion bluegrass fiddle player (died 2021)
1944 – Gunhild Hoffmeister, German runner
1945 – Burt Ward, American actor
1946 – George W. Bush, American businessman and politician, 43rd President of the United States
1946 – Fred Dryer, American football player and actor
1946 – Peter Singer, Australian philosopher and academic
1946 – Sylvester Stallone, American actor, director, and screenwriter
1947 – Roy Señeres, Filipino diplomat and politician (died 2016)
1947 – Shelley Hack, American actress and activist
1948 – Nathalie Baye, French actress (died 2026)
1948 – Jean-Pierre Blackburn, Canadian academic and politician, 26th Canadian Minister of Veterans Affairs
1948 – Brad Park, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1949 – Noli de Castro, Filipino journalist and politician, 14th Vice President of the Philippines
1949 – Phyllis Hyman, American singer-songwriter and actress (died 1995)
1949 – Michael Shrieve, American composer, drummer, and percussionist
1950 – John Byrne, English-American author and illustrator
1951 – Lorna Golding, Former First Lady of Jamaica
1951 – Geoffrey Rush, Australian actor and producer
1951 – Rick Sternbach, American illustrator and concept designer
1952 – Hilary Mantel, English author and critic (died 2022)
1952 – Adi Shamir, Israeli cryptographer and co-inventor of RSA cryptography
1953 – Nanci Griffith, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2021)
1953 – Kaiser Kalambo, Zambian footballer and manager (died 2014)
1953 – Robert Ménard, French politician and former journalist
1954 – Willie Randolph, American baseball player and coach
1957 – Phil Mallow, American politician
1958 – Jennifer Saunders, English actress, comedian and screenwriter
1959 – Richard Dacoury, French basketball player
1960 – Maria Wasiak, Polish businesswoman and politician, Polish Minister of Infrastructure and Development
1962 – Todd Bennett, English runner and coach (died 2013)
1962 – Peter Hedges, American author, screenwriter, and director
1964 – Thierry Warmoes, Belgian politician
1967 – Heather Nova, Bermudian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1969 – Sophia Witherspoon, American basketball player
1970 – Inspectah Deck, American rapper and producer
1972 – Daniel Andrews, Australian politician, 48th Premier of Victoria
1972 – Laurent Gaudé, French author and playwright
1972 – Zhanna Pintusevich-Block, Ukrainian sprinter
1974 – Harashima, Japanese professional wrestler
1974 – Zé Roberto, Brazilian footballer
1974 – Steve Sullivan, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1975 – 50 Cent, American rapper and actor
1975 – Sebastián Rulli, Argentine-Mexican actor and model
1975 – Amir-Abbas Fakhravar, Iranian journalist and activist
1975 – Kristian Woolf, Australian rugby league player and coach
1976 – Rory Delap, English-Irish footballer
1976 – Ioana Dumitriu, Romanian-American mathematician and academic
1977 – Max Mirnyi, Belarusian tennis player
1977 – Makhaya Ntini, South African cricketer
1978 – Adam Busch, American actor, director, and producer
1978 – Tamera Mowry, American actress and producer
1978 – Tia Mowry, American actress and producer
1978 – Kevin Senio, New Zealand rugby player
1979 – Kevin Hart, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
1980 – Pau Gasol, Spanish basketball player
1980 – Eva Green, French actress and model
1980 – Joell Ortiz, American rapper
1981 – Nnamdi Asomugha, American football player
1981 – Roman Shirokov, Russian footballer
1982 – Brandon Jacobs, American football player
1982 – Misty Upham, American actress (died 2014)
1983 – Gregory Smith, Canadian actor, director, and producer
1984 – Zhang Hao, Chinese figure skater
1985 – Ranveer Singh, Indian film actor
1986 – David Karp, American businessman, founder of Tumblr
1987 – Sophie Auster, American singer-songwriter and actress
1987 – Manteo Mitchell, American runner
1987 – Kate Nash, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
1987 – Caroline Trentini, Brazilian model
1988 – Kevin Fickentscher, Swiss footballer
1988 – Cody Fern, Australian actor
1990 – Jae Crowder, American basketball player
1990 – Magaye Gueye, French footballer
1990 – Jamal Idris, Australian rugby league player
1990 – Justin Schultz, Canadian ice hockey player
1992 – Na-Lae Han, South Korean tennis player
1992 – Manny Machado, Dominican-American baseball player
1994 – Andrew Benintendi, American baseball player
1995 – Ludwig Ahgren, American YouTuber and live streamer
1998 – Comethazine, American rapper
2000 – Zion Williamson, American basketball player

Deaths 102

371 BC – Cleombrotus I, Spartan king
649 – Goar of Aquitaine, French bishop
887 – Wang Chongrong, Chinese warlord
918 – William I, duke of Aquitaine (born 875)
1017 – Genshin, Japanese scholar (born 942)
1070 – Godelieve, Flemish saint (born 1049)
1189 – Henry II, king of England (born 1133)
1218 – Odo III, duke of Burgundy (born 1166)
1249 – Alexander II, king of Scotland (born 1198)
1415 – Jan Hus, Czech priest, philosopher, and reformer (born 1369)
1476 – Regiomontanus, German mathematician and astrologer (born 1436)
1480 – Antonio Squarcialupi, Italian composer (born 1416)
1533 – Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet and playwright (born 1474)
1535 – Thomas More, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and martyr (born 1478)
1553 – Edward VI, king of England and Ireland (born 1537)
1583 – Edmund Grindal, English archbishop (born 1519)
1585 – Thomas Aufield, English priest and martyr (born 1552)
1614 – Man Singh I, Rajput Raja of Amer (born 1550)
1619 – Isabella Feltria della Rovere, Italian noblewoman (born 1552)
1684 – Peter Gunning, English bishop (born 1614)
1758 – George Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe, English general and politician (born 1725)
1768 – Conrad Beissel, German-American religious leader (born 1690)
1802 – Daniel Morgan, American general and politician (born 1736)
1809 – Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle, French general (born 1775)
1813 – Granville Sharp, English activist (born 1735)
1815 – Samuel Whitbread, English politician (born 1764)
1835 – John Marshall, American captain and politician, 4th United States Secretary of State (born 1755)
1854 – Georg Ohm, German physicist and mathematician (born 1789)
1868 – Harada Sanosuke, Japanese captain (born 1840)
1893 – Guy de Maupassant, French short story writer, novelist, and poet (born 1850)
1901 – Chlodwig Carl Viktor, German prince and chancellor (born 1819)
1902 – Maria Goretti, Italian martyr and saint (born 1890)
1904 – Abai Qunanbaiuly, Kazakh poet and philosopher (born 1845)
1907 – August Johann Gottfried Bielenstein, German linguist and theologian (born 1826)
1914 – Georges Legagneux, French aviator (born 1882)
1916 – Odilon Redon, French painter and illustrator (born 1840)
1918 – Wilhelm von Mirbach, German diplomat (born 1871)
1922 – Maria Teresia Ledóchowska, Polish-Austrian nun and missionary (born 1863)
1932 – Kenneth Grahame, Scottish-English author (born 1859)
1946 – Horace Pippin, American painter (born 1888)
1947 – Adolfo Müller-Ury, Swiss-American painter (born 1862)
1952 – Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 14th Premier of Quebec (born 1867)
1954 – Cornelia Sorabji, Indian lawyer, social reformer and writer (born 1866)
1959 – George Grosz, German painter and illustrator (born 1893)
1960 – Aneurin Bevan, Welsh-English politician, Secretary of State for Health (born 1897)
1961 – Scott LaFaro, American bassist (born 1936)
1961 – Woodall Rodgers, American lawyer and politician, Mayor of Dallas (born 1890)
1962 – Paul Boffa, Maltese soldier and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Malta (born 1890)
1962 – William Faulkner, American novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1897)
1962 – Joseph August, archduke of Austria (born 1872)
1963 – George, duke of Mecklenburg (born 1899)
1964 – Claude V. Ricketts, American admiral (born 1906)
1966 – Sad Sam Jones, American baseball player and manager (born 1892)
1967 – Hilda Taba, Estonian architect and educator (born 1902)
1971 – Louis Armstrong, American singer and trumpet player (born 1901)
1973 – Otto Klemperer, German-American conductor and composer (born 1885)
1975 – Reşat Ekrem Koçu, Turkish historian, scholar, and poet (born 1905)
1976 – Zhu De, Chinese general and politician, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (born 1886)
1976 – Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and physician (born 1887)
1977 – Ödön Pártos, Hungarian-Israeli viola player and composer (born 1907)
1978 – Babe Paley, American socialite and fashion style icon (born 1915)
1979 – Van McCoy, American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1940)
1986 – Jagjivan Ram, Indian lawyer and politician, 4th Deputy Prime Minister of India (born 1908)
1987 – Elli Stenberg, Finnish politician (born 1903)
1989 – János Kádár, Hungarian mechanic and politician, Hungarian Minister of the Interior (born 1912)
1991 – Mudashiru Lawal, Nigerian footballer (born 1954)
1992 – Marsha P. Johnson, American drag queen performer and activist (born 1945)
1994 – Ahmet Haxhiu, Kosovan activist (born 1932)
1995 – Aziz Nesin, Turkish author and poet (born 1915)
1997 – Chetan Anand, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1921)
1998 – Roy Rogers, American cowboy, actor, and singer (born 1911)
1999 – Joaquín Rodrigo, Spanish pianist and composer (born 1901)
2000 – Władysław Szpilman, Polish pianist and composer (born 1911)
2002 – Dhirubhai Ambani, Indian businessman, founded Reliance Industries (born 1932)
2002 – John Frankenheimer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1930)
2003 – Buddy Ebsen, American actor, singer, and dancer (born 1908)
2003 – Çelik Gülersoy, Turkish lawyer, historical preservationist, writer and poet (born 1930)
2004 – Thomas Klestil, Austrian politician, 10th President of Austria (born 1932)
2004 – Syreeta Wright, American singer-songwriter (born 1946)
2005 – Ed McBain, American author and screenwriter (born 1926)
2005 – Claude Simon, Malagasy-French novelist and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1913)
2006 – Kasey Rogers, American actress (born 1925)
2007 – Kathleen E. Woodiwiss, American author (born 1939)
2009 – Vasily Aksyonov, Russian author and academic (born 1932)
2009 – Robert McNamara, American businessman and politician, 8th United States Secretary of Defense (born 1916)
2010 – Harvey Fuqua, American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1929)
2011 – Carly Hibberd, Australian road racing cyclist (born 1985)
2012 – Hani al-Hassan, Palestinian engineer and politician (born 1939)
2013 – Lo Hsing Han, Burmese businessman, co-founded Asia World (born 1935)
2014 – Alan J. Dixon, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 34th Illinois Secretary of State (born 1927)
2015 – Jerry Weintraub, American film producer, and talent agent (born 1937)
2018 – Shoko Asahara, founder of Japanese cult group Aum Shinrikyo (born 1955)
2019 – Cameron Boyce, American actor (born 1999)
2019 – João Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist, pioneer of bossa nova music style (born 1931)
2020 – Charlie Daniels, American singer-songwriter, fiddle-player and guitarist (born 1936)
2020 – Mary Kay Letourneau, American child rapist (born 1962)
2020 – Ennio Morricone, Italian composer, orchestrator, conductor, and trumpet player (born 1928)
2022 – James Caan, American actor (born 1940)
2022 – Arnaldo Pambianco, Italian former professional road racing cyclist (born 1935)
2022 – Norah Vincent, American writer (born 1968)
2024 – Khyree Jackson, American football player (born 1999)
2026 – Megas, Icelandic musician (born 1945)

Holidays and observances 19

The first day of the Festival of San Fermín, which lasts until July 14. (Pamplona)
Christian feast day: Goar of Aquitaine Maria Goretti Blessed Mary Theresa Ledóchowska Moninne Nazaria Ignacia March Mesa Romulus of Fiesole Thomas More July 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Goar of Aquitaine
Maria Goretti
Blessed Mary Theresa Ledóchowska
Moninne
Nazaria Ignacia March Mesa
Romulus of Fiesole
Thomas More
July 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Constitution Day (Cayman Islands)
Day of the Capital (Kazakhstan)
Independence Day (Comoros), celebrates the independence of the Comoros from France in 1975.
Independence Day (Malawi), celebrates the independence of Malawi from United Kingdom in 1964.
International Kissing Day (informally observed)
Jan Hus Day (Czech Republic)
Kupala Night (Poland, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine)
Statehood Day (Lithuania)
Teachers' Day (Peru)