March 23: On This Day

Events, births, deaths, holidays and observances for March 23.

Events 55

625 – The Muslim army under Muhammad suffers a defeat against the Quraysh in the battle of Uhud.
1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official.
1540 – Waltham Abbey in England is surrendered to King Henry VIII, the last religious community to be closed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.
1568 – The Peace of Longjumeau is signed, ending the second phase of the French Wars of Religion.
1775 – American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech – "Give me liberty or give me death!" – at St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia.
1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death inside his bedroom at St. Michael's Castle.
1806 – After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their Corps of Discovery begin their arduous journey home.
1821 – Greek War of Independence: Battle and fall of city of Kalamata.
1839 – A massive earthquake destroys the former capital Inwa of the Konbaung dynasty, present-day Myanmar.
1848 – The ship John Wickliffe arrives at Port Chalmers carrying the first Scottish settlers for Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago province is founded.
1857 – Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.
1862 – American Civil War: The First Battle of Kernstown, Virginia, marks the start of Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign. Although a Confederate defeat, the engagement distracts Federal efforts to capture Richmond.
1868 – The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.
1879 – War of the Pacific: The Battle of Topáter, the first battle of the war, is fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia and Peru.
1885 – Sino-French War: Chinese victory in the Battle of Phu Lam Tao near Hưng Hóa, northern Vietnam.
1888 – In England, The Football League, the world's oldest professional association football league, meets for the first time.
1889 – The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is established by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian, British India.
1901 – Emilio Aguinaldo, only President of the First Philippine Republic, is captured at Palanan, Isabela by the forces of American General Frederick Funston.
1905 – Eleftherios Venizelos calls for Crete's union with Greece, and begins what is to be known as the Theriso revolt.
1909 – Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.
1913 – A tornado outbreak kills more than 240 people in the central United States, while an ongoing flood in the Ohio River watershed was killing 650 people.
1918 – First World War: On the third day of the German Spring Offensive, the 10th Battalion of the Royal West Kent Regiment is annihilated with many of the men becoming prisoners of war.
1919 – In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement.
1931 – Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar are hanged for the killing of a deputy superintendent of police during the Indian independence movement.
1933 – The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act of 1933, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.
1935 – Signing of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
1939 – The Hungarian air force attacks the headquarters of the Slovak air force in Spišská Nová Ves, killing 13 people and beginning the Slovak–Hungarian War.
1940 – The Lahore Resolution (Qarardad-e-Pakistan or Qarardad-e-Lahore) is put forward at the Annual General Convention of the All-India Muslim League.
1956 – Pakistan becomes the first Islamic republic in the world. This date is now celebrated as Republic Day in Pakistan.
1965 – NASA launches Gemini 3, the United States' first two-man space flight (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).
1977 – The first of The Nixon Interviews (12 will be recorded over four weeks) is videotaped with British journalist David Frost interviewing former United States President Richard Nixon about the Watergate scandal and the Nixon tapes.
1978 – The first UNIFIL troops arrive in Lebanon for a peacekeeping mission along the Blue Line.
1980 – Archbishop Óscar Romero of El Salvador gives his famous speech appealing to men of the El Salvadoran armed forces to stop killing the Salvadorans.
1982 – Guatemala's government, headed by Fernando Romeo Lucas García, is overthrown in a military coup by right-wing General Efraín Ríos Montt.
1983 – Strategic Defense Initiative: President Ronald Reagan makes his initial proposal to develop technology to intercept enemy missiles.
1988 – Angolan and Cuban forces defeat South Africa in the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale.
1991 – The Revolutionary United Front, with support from the special forces of Charles Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia, invades Sierra Leone in an attempt to overthrow Joseph Saidu Momoh, sparking the 11-year Sierra Leone Civil War.
1994 – At an election rally in Tijuana, Mexican presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated by Mario Aburto Martínez.
1994 – A United States Air Force (USAF) F-16 aircraft collides with a USAF C-130 at Pope Air Force Base and then crashes, killing 24 United States Army soldiers on the ground alongside destroying a Starlifter by accident. This later became known as the Green Ramp disaster.
1994 – Aeroflot Flight 593 crashes into the Kuznetsk Alatau mountain, Kemerovo Oblast, Russia, killing 75.
1996 – Taiwan holds its first direct elections and chooses Lee Teng-hui as President.
1999 – Gunmen assassinate Paraguay's Vice President Luis María Argaña.
2001 – The Russian Mir space station is disposed of, breaking up in the atmosphere before falling into the southern Pacific Ocean near Fiji.
2003 – Battle of Nasiriyah, first major conflict during the invasion of Iraq.
2008 – Official opening of Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Hyderabad, India.
2009 – FedEx Express Flight 80: A McDonnell Douglas MD-11 flying from Guangzhou, China crashes at Tokyo's Narita International Airport, killing both the captain and the co-pilot.
2010 – The Affordable Care Act becomes law in the United States.
2014 – The World Health Organization (WHO) reports cases of Ebola in the forested rural region of southeastern Guinea, marking the beginning of the largest Ebola outbreak in history.
2018 – President of Peru Pedro Pablo Kuczynski resigns from the presidency amid a mass corruption scandal before certain impeachment by the opposition-majority Congress of Peru.
2019 – The Kazakh capital of Astana is renamed to Nur-Sultan.
2019 – The US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces capture the town of Baghuz in Eastern Syria, declaring military victory over the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant after four years of fighting, although the group maintains a scattered presence and sleeper cells across Syria and Iraq.
2020 – Prime Minister Boris Johnson puts the United Kingdom into its first national lockdown in response to COVID-19.
2021 – A container ship runs aground and obstructs the Suez Canal for six days.
2025 – Israel Defense Forces kill 15 aid workers in the Rafah paramedic massacre.
2026 – An Aerospace Force Lockheed C-130 crashes during take-off in Puerto Leguízamo, Colombia, killing 69 people.

Births 245

1338 – Emperor Go-Kōgon of Japan (died 1374)
1430 – Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of England and disputed Queen Consort of France (died 1482)
1514 – Lorenzino de' Medici, Italian writer and assassin (died 1548)
1599 – Thomas Selle, German composer (died 1663)
1614 – Jahanara Begum, Mughal princess (died 1681)
1643 – Mary of Jesus de León y Delgado, Spanish Dominican lay sister and mystic (died 1731)
1732 – Princess Marie Adélaïde of France (died 1800)
1749 – Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (died 1827)
1750 – Johannes Matthias Sperger, Austrian bassist and composer (died 1812)
1754 – Jurij Vega, Slovene mathematician, physicist and artillery officer (died 1802)
1769 – Augustin Daniel Belliard, French general and diplomat (died 1832)
1769 – William Smith, English geologist and cartographer (died 1839)
1823 – Schuyler Colfax, American journalist and politician, 17th Vice President of the United States (died 1885)
1826 – Ludwig Minkus, Austrian violinist and composer (died 1917)
1834 – Julius Reubke, German pianist and composer (died 1858)
1838 – Marie Adam-Doerrer, Swiss women's rights activist and unionist (died 1908)
1842 – Friedrich Amelung, Estonian-German historian, businessman and composer (died 1909)
1842 – Susan Jane Cunningham, American mathematician (died 1921)
1858 – Ludwig Quidde, German activist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1941)
1860 – Horatio Bottomley, British politician and businessman (died 1933)
1862 – Nathaniel Reed, American criminal (died 1950)
1868 – Dietrich Eckart, German journalist and politician (died 1923)
1869 – Calouste Gulbenkian, Turkish-Armenian businessman and philanthropist (died 1955)
1872 – Michael Joseph Savage, Australian-New Zealand union leader and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1940)
1874 – Grantley Goulding, English hurdler (died 1947)
1874 – J. C. Leyendecker, German-American painter and illustrator (died 1951)
1876 – Ziya Gökalp, Turkish sociologist, poet and activist (died 1924)
1876 – Thakin Kodaw Hmaing, Burmese poet, writer and political leader (died 1964)
1878 – Franz Schreker, Austrian composer and conductor (died 1934)
1880 – Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish lawyer and politician, Finnish Minister of the Interior (died 1922)
1881 – Lacey Hearn, American sprinter (died 1969)
1881 – Roger Martin du Gard, French novelist and paleographer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1958)
1881 – Hermann Staudinger, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1965)
1882 – Emmy Noether, Jewish German-American mathematician, physicist and academic (died 1935)
1884 – Joseph Boxhall, English sailor, officer aboard the Titanic (died 1967)
1885 – Platt Adams, American jumper and politician (died 1961)
1885 – Roque González Garza, Mexican general and acting president (1915) (died 1962)
1886 – Frank Irons, American long jumper (died 1942)
1887 – Josef Čapek, Czech painter and poet (died 1945)
1887 – Rudolf Kinau, German author (died 1975)
1887 – Juan Gris, Spanish painter and sculptor (died 1927)
1887 – Sidney Hillman, Lithuanian-born American labor leader (died 1946)
1891 – Po Kya, Burmese author and educationist (died 1942)
1893 – Cedric Gibbons, Irish-American art director and production designer (died 1960)
1893 – Gopalswamy Doraiswamy Naidu, Indian engineer and businessman (died 1974)
1894 – Arthur Grimsdell, English international footballer and cricketer (died 1963)
1895 – Encarnacion Alzona, Filipino historian and educator (died 2001)
1895 – Dane Rudhyar, French-American astrologer, author and composer (died 1985)
1898 – Louis Adamic, Slovenian-American author, translator and politician (died 1951)
1898 – Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset, Duchess of Parma (died 1984)
1899 – Dora Gerson, German actress and singer (died 1943)
1900 – Erich Fromm, German psychologist and sociologist (died 1980)
1901 – Bhakti Hridaya Bon, Indian guru and religious writer (died 1982)
1903 – Frank Sargeson, New Zealand writer (died 1982)
1905 – Lale Andersen, German chanson singer-songwriter (died 1972)
1907 – Daniel Bovet, Swiss-Italian pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1992)
1909 – Charles Werner, American cartoonist (died 1997)
1910 – Jerry Cornes, English runner, colonial officer and educator (died 2001)
1910 – Akira Kurosawa, Japanese director, producer and screenwriter (died 1998)
1912 – Eleanor Cameron, Canadian-American children's author and critic (died 1996)
1912 – Neil McCorkell, English-South African cricketer and coach (died 2013)
1912 – Wernher von Braun, German-American physicist and engineer, chief architect of the Saturn V launch vehicle (died 1977)
1913 – Abidin Dino, Turko-French painter and illustrator (died 1993)
1914 – Milbourne Christopher, American magician and author (died 1984)
1915 – Mary Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe (died 2014)
1915 – Vasily Zaytsev, Russian captain (died 1991)
1917 – Harry Cranbrook Allen, English historian (died 1998)
1918 – Stanley Armour Dunham, American sergeant (died 1992)
1918 – Helene Hale, American politician (died 2013)
1918 – Naoki Kazu, Japanese football player (died 1940s)
1919 – Carl Graffunder, American architect and educator (died 2013)
1919 – Subhadra Joshi, Indian freedom activist and politician (died 2003)
1920 – Tetsuharu Kawakami, Japanese baseball player and manager (died 2013)
1920 – Neal Edward Smith, American pilot, lawyer and politician (died 2021)
1921 – Donald Campbell, English race car driver (died 1967)
1921 – Peter Lawler, Australian public servant (died 2017)
1922 – Marty Allen, American comedian and actor (died 2018)
1922 – Ugo Tognazzi, Italian actor (died 1990)
1923 – Angelo Ingrassia, American soldier and judge (died 2013)
1924 – Rodney Mims Cook, Sr., American lieutenant and politician (died 2013)
1924 – Olga Kennard, English crystallographer and academic (died 2023)
1924 – John Madin, English architect (died 2012)
1924 – Bette Nesmith Graham, American inventor of Liquid Paper (died 1980)
1925 – David Watkin, English cinematographer (died 2008)
1928 – Lee Sexton, American banjo player (died 2021)
1929 – Roger Bannister, English middle-distance runner, neurologist and academic (died 2018)
1929 – Michael Manser, English architect and engineer (died 2016)
1929 – Mark Rydell, American actor, director and producer (died 2026)
1931 – Yevgeny Grishin, Russian speed skater (died 2005)
1931 – Viktor Korchnoi, Russian chess player and author (died 2016)
1931 – Yevdokiya Mekshilo, Russian skier (died 2013)
1932 – Don Marshall, Canadian ice hockey player (died 2024)
1933 – Norman Bailey, English opera singer and educator (died 2021)
1933 – Philip Zimbardo, American psychologist and academic (died 2024)
1934 – Alan Baddeley, English psychologist
1934 – Ludvig Faddeev, Russian mathematician and physicist (died 2017)
1935 – Barry Cryer, English comedian, actor and screenwriter (died 2022)
1936 – Jannis Kounellis, Greek painter and sculptor (died 2017)
1937 – Craig Breedlove, American race car driver (died 2023)
1937 – Tony Burton, American actor, comedian, boxer and football player (died 2016)
1937 – Robert Gallo, American physician and academic
1938 – Jon Finlayson, Australian actor and screenwriter (died 2012)
1942 – Michael Haneke, Austrian director, producer and screenwriter
1942 – Jimmy Miller, American record producer and musician (died 1994)
1942 – Walter Rodney, Guyanese historian, scholar and activist (died 1980)
1943 – Andrew Crockett, Scottish-English economist and banker (died 2012)
1943 – Nils-Aslak Valkeapää, Finnish singer, author and director (died 2001)
1944 – Tony McPhee, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2023)
1944 – Michael Nyman, English composer of minimalist music and pianist
1944 – Ric Ocasek, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer (died 2019)
1945 – Franco Battiato, Italian singer-songwriter and director (died 2021)
1945 – David Grisman, American mandolin player and composer
1946 – Alan Bleasdale, English screenwriter and producer
1947 – Elizabeth Ann Scarborough, American author
1948 – Wasim Bari, Pakistani cricketer
1948 – Marie Malavoy, German-Canadian educator and politician
1950 – Corinne Cléry, French actress
1950 – Phil Lanzon, English keyboard player and songwriter
1950 – Ahdaf Soueif, Egyptian author and translator
1951 – Ron Jaworski, American football player and sportscaster
1951 – Adrian Reynard, English businessman, founded Reynard Motorsport
1952 – Francesco Clemente, Italian painter and illustrator
1952 – Kim Stanley Robinson, American author
1952 – Rex Tillerson, American businessman, engineer and diplomat; 69th United States Secretary of State
1953 – Bo Díaz, Venezuelan baseball player (died 1990)
1953 – Chaka Khan, American singer-songwriter
1953 – Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, Indian zoologist and businesswoman
1954 – Geno Auriemma, Italian-American basketball player and coach
1954 – Kenneth Cole, American fashion designer, founded Kenneth Cole Productions
1954 – Mary Fee, Scottish Labour Party politician
1954 – Paul Price, English-Welsh footballer and manager
1955 – Moses Malone, American basketball player (died 2015)
1956 – José Manuel Barroso, Portuguese academic and politician, 115th Prime Minister of Portugal
1957 – Lucio Gutiérrez, Ecuadorian politician, 52nd President of Ecuador
1957 – Robbie James, Welsh footballer and manager (died 1998)
1957 – Amanda Plummer, American actress
1958 – Etienne De Wilde, Belgian cyclist
1958 – Hugh Grant, Scottish business executive
1958 – Bengt-Åke Gustafsson, Swedish ice hockey player and coach
1959 – Catherine Keener, American actress
1960 – Haris Romas, Greek actor, screenwriter, and lyricist
1960 – Nicol Stephen, Baron Stephen, Scottish lawyer and politician, 2nd Deputy First Minister of Scotland
1961 – Roger Crisp, English philosopher and academic
1961 – Craig Green, New Zealand rugby player
1961 – Helmi Johannes, Indonesian journalist and producer
1962 – Steve Redgrave, English rower
1963 – Juan Ramón López Caro, Spanish footballer and manager
1963 – Míchel, Spanish footballer and manager
1963 – Ana Fidelia Quirot, Cuban runner
1964 – Hope Davis, American actress
1965 – Richard Grieco, American actor, artist, and model
1965 – Gary Whitehead, American poet and painter
1966 – Lorenzo Daniel, American sprinter
1966 – Marin Hinkle, American actress
1966 – Vasilis Vouzas, Greek footballer and manager
1968 – Damon Albarn, English singer-songwriter, producer and actor
1968 – Mike Atherton, English cricketer and journalist
1968 – Fernando Hierro, Spanish footballer and manager
1968 – Pierre Palmade, French actor and screenwriter
1970 – Gianni Infantino, Swiss-Italian football administrator, president of FIFA
1971 – Yasmeen Ghauri, Canadian model
1971 – Gail Porter, Scottish model and television host
1971 – Alexander Selivanov, Russian ice hockey player
1971 – Hiroyoshi Tenzan, Japanese wrestler
1972 – Jonas Björkman, Swedish-Monégasque tennis player and coach
1972 – Joe Calzaghe, Welsh boxer
1972 – Judith Godrèche, French actress and author
1973 – Jerzy Dudek, Polish footballer
1973 – Wim Eyckmans, Belgian race car driver
1973 – Jason Kidd, American basketball player and coach
1973 – Bojana Radulović, Serbian-Hungarian handball player
1974 – Mark Hunt, New Zealand mixed martial artist
1974 – Randall Park, American actor, director and screenwriter
1975 – Burak Gürpınar, Turkish drummer
1975 – Andy Turner, English footballer and manager
1976 – Chris Hoy, Scottish cyclist
1976 – Smriti Irani, Indian actress, producer and politician, Indian Minister of Human Resource Development
1976 – Dougie Lampkin, English motorcycle racer
1976 – Michelle Monaghan, American actress
1976 – Joel Peralta, Dominican baseball player
1976 – Keri Russell, American actress
1976 – Benny Sa, Chinese television host
1976 – Ricardo Zonta, Brazilian race car driver
1977 – Miklos Perlus, Canadian actor and screenwriter
1978 – Simon Gärdenfors, Swedish illustrator
1978 – Perez Hilton, American blogger
1978 – Walter Samuel, Argentine footballer
1978 – Nicholle Tom, American actress
1978 – Liu Ye, Chinese actor
1979 – Mark Buehrle, American baseball player
1979 – Donncha O'Callaghan, Irish rugby player
1981 – Pavel Brendl, Czech ice hockey player
1981 – Erin Crocker, American race car driver
1981 – Tony Peña Jr., Dominican baseball player
1981 – Shelley Rudman, English bobsledder
1981 – Giuseppe Sculli, Italian footballer
1981 – Brett Young, American singer-songwriter
1982 – José Contreras Arrau, Chilean footballer
1982 – Andrea Musacco, Italian footballer
1982 – Evgeni Striganov, Estonian ice dancer
1983 – Hakan Balta, Turkish footballer
1983 – Mo Farah, Somali-English runner
1983 – Sascha Riether, German footballer
1983 – Jerome Thomas, English footballer
1984 – Ryan Araña, Filipino basketball player
1984 – Brandon Marshall, American football player
1985 – Maurice Jones-Drew, American football player
1985 – Bethanie Mattek-Sands, American tennis player
1986 – Patrick Bordeleau, Canadian ice hockey player
1986 – Andrea Dovizioso, Italian motorcycle racer
1986 – Brett Eldredge, American singer-songwriter and musician
1986 – Kangana Ranaut, Indian actress
1987 – Alan Toovey, Australian footballer
1988 – Dellin Betances, American baseball player
1988 – Jason Kenny, English cyclist
1988 – Michal Neuvirth, Czech ice hockey player
1989 – Ayesha Curry, Canadian-American chef, author and television personality
1989 – Nikola Gulan, Serbian footballer
1989 – Luis Fernando Silva, Mexican footballer
1990 – Jaime Alguersuari, Spanish race car driver
1990 – Mark Barberio, Canadian ice hockey player
1990 – Princess Eugenie, English royal
1990 – Gordon Hayward, American basketball player
1990 – Robert Zickert, German footballer
1991 – Facundo Campazzo, Argentine basketball player
1991 – Erik Haula, Finnish ice hockey player
1991 – Gregg Wylde, Scottish footballer
1992 – Tolga Ciğerci, German-Turkish footballer
1992 – Kyrie Irving, Australian-American basketball player
1992 – Vanessa Morgan, Canadian actress
1993 – Quinn Cook, American basketball player
1993 – Tomáš Hyka, Czech ice hockey player
1993 – Dmitrij Jaškin, Russian-Czech ice hockey player
1993 – Aytaç Kara, Turkish footballer
1994 – Nick Powell, English footballer
1994 – Oskar Sundqvist, Swedish ice hockey player
1994 – Bridger Zadina, American actor
1995 – Kevin Kauber, Estonian footballer
1995 – Jan Lisiecki, Canadian pianist
1995 – Victoria Pedretti, American actress
1995 – Ozan Tufan, Turkish footballer
1996 – Alexander Albon, Thai-British race car driver
1996 – Joel Kiviranta, Finnish ice hockey player
1997 – Ben Manenti, Australian cricketer
2001 – Anna Hall, American world champion heptathlete

Deaths 113

59 – Agrippina the Younger, Roman empress (born 15)
851 – Zhou Chi, Chinese historian and politician (born 793)
1022 – Zhen Zong, Chinese emperor (born 968)
1103 – Eudes I, duke of Burgundy (born 1058)
1361 – Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, English politician, Lord High Steward of England (born 1310)
1369 – Peter, king of Castile and León (born 1334)
1483 – Yolande, duchess of Lorraine (born 1428)
1548 – Itagaki Nobukata, Japanese samurai (born 1489)
1555 – Julius III, pope of the Catholic Church (born 1487)
1559 – Gelawdewos, Ethiopian emperor (born 1521)
1596 – Henry Unton, English diplomat (born 1557)
1606 – Justus Lipsius, Flemish philologist and scholar (born 1547)
1618 – James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn, Scottish police officer and politician (born 1575)
1629 – Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland, English landowner and politician (born 1580)
1675 – Anthoni van Noordt, Dutch organist and composer (born 1619)
1680 – Nicolas Fouquet, French politician (born 1615)
1712 – Zebi Hirsch Kaidanover, Lithuanian-born rabbi and writer (born c. 1650)
1742 – Jean-Baptiste Dubos, French historian and author (born 1670)
1747 – Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French general (born 1675)
1748 – Johann Gottfried Walther, German organist and composer (born 1684)
1754 – Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian and critic (born 1693)
1783 – Charles Carroll, English barrister and politician (born 1723)
1792 – Luís António Verney, Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (born 1713)
1801 – Paul I, Russian emperor (born 1754)
1842 – Stendhal, French novelist (born 1783)
1862 – Manuel Robles Pezuela, Unconstitutional Mexican interim president, 1858–1859 (born 1817)
1883 – Arthur Macalister, Scottish-Australian politician, 2nd Premier of Queensland (born 1818)
1884 – Henry C. Lord, American businessman (born 1824)
1910 – Nadar, French photographer, journalist, and author (born 1820)
1914 – Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès, Lebanese saint (born 1832)
1923 – Hovhannes Tumanyan, Armenian poet and author (born 1869)
1927 – Paul César Helleu, French painter and etcher (born 1859)
1931 – Shivaram Rajguru, Indian activist (born 1908)
1931 – Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (born 1907)
1931 – Sukhdev Thapar, Indian activist (born 1907)
1946 – Gilbert N. Lewis, American chemist (born 1875)
1953 – Raoul Dufy, French painter and illustrator (born 1877)
1953 – Oskar Luts, Estonian author and playwright (born 1887)
1955 – Artur Bernardes, Brazilian politician, 12th President of Brazil (born 1875)
1960 – Franklin Pierce Adams, American journalist and author (born 1881)
1960 – Said Nursî, Turkish theologian and scholar (born 1878)
1961 – Albert Bloch, American painter and educator (born 1882)
1961 – Jack Russell, English cricketer (born 1887)
1963 – Thoralf Skolem, Norwegian mathematician and logician (born 1887)
1964 – Peter Lorre, American actor (born 1904)
1965 – Mae Murray, American actress, dancer, producer, and screenwriter (born 1885)
1967 – Lalla Carlsen, Norwegian singer and actress (born 1889)
1968 – Edwin O'Connor, American journalist and author (born 1918)
1972 – Cristóbal Balenciaga, Spanish fashion designer, founded Balenciaga (born 1895)
1978 – Haim Ernst Wertheimer, Israeli biochemist and academic (born 1893)
1978 – Halyna Kuzmenko, Ukrainian teacher and anarchist revolutionary (born 1897)
1979 – Ted Anderson, English footballer (born 1911)
1980 – Arthur Melvin Okun, American economist and academic (born 1928)
1981 – Beatrice Tinsley, English-New Zealand astronomer and cosmologist (born 1941)
1981 – Mike Hailwood, English motorcyclist (born 1940)
1985 – Richard Beeching, Baron Beeching, English physicist and engineer (born 1913)
1985 – Peter Charanis, Greek-American scholar and educator (born 1908)
1986 – Moshe Feinstein, American Orthodox Rabbi and posek (born 1895)
1987 – Olev Roomet, Estonian singer and violinist (born 1901)
1990 – John Dexter, English director and producer (born 1925)
1991 – Margaret Atwood Judson, American historian and author (born 1899)
1991 – Parkash Singh, Indian soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1913)
1992 – Friedrich Hayek, Austrian-German economist, philosopher, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1899)
1992 – Ron Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1949)
1994 – Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican economist and politician (born 1950)
1994 – Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (born 1921)
1995 – Davie Cooper, Scottish footballer and coach (born 1956)
1999 – Luis María Argaña, Paraguayan judge and politician, Vice President of Paraguay (born 1932)
1999 – Osmond Borradaile, Canadian director and cinematographer (born 1898)
2001 – Rowland Evans, American journalist (born 1921)
2001 – Margaret Jones, British archaeologist (born 1916)
2001 – Robert Laxalt, American author (born 1923)
2001 – David McTaggart, Canadian badminton player and environmentalist (born 1932)
2002 – Eileen Farrell, American soprano (born 1920)
2002 – Ben Hollioake, Australian-English cricketer (born 1977)
2003 – Fritz Spiegl, Austrian-English flute player and journalist (born 1926)
2004 – Rupert Hamer, Australian soldier, lawyer, and politician, 39th Premier of Victoria (born 1916)
2006 – David B. Bleak, American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1932)
2006 – Desmond Doss, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1919)
2006 – Cindy Walker, American singer-songwriter and dancer (born 1918)
2007 – Paul Cohen, American mathematician and theorist (born 1934)
2007 – Eric Medlen, American race car driver (born 1973)
2008 – Vaino Vahing, Estonian psychiatrist, author, and playwright (born 1940)
2009 – Ghukas Chubaryan, Armenian sculptor (born 1923)
2009 – Raúl Macías, Mexican boxer and trainer (born 1934)
2011 – Jean Bartik, American computer scientist and engineer (born 1924)
2011 – Rosario Morales, Puerto Rican poet and writer (born 1930)
2011 – Elizabeth Taylor, American-British actress, socialite and humanitarian (born 1932)
2012 – Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, Somalian politician, President of Somalia (born 1934)
2012 – Jim Duffy, American animator, director, and producer (born 1937)
2012 – Naji Talib, Iraqi politician, 52nd Prime Minister of Iraq (born 1917)
2012 – Lonnie Wright, American basketball and football player (born 1945)
2013 – Boris Berezovsky, Russian-born Soviet-British mathematician and businessman (born 1946)
2013 – Onofre Corpuz, Filipino economist, historian, and academic (born 1926)
2013 – Virgil Trucks, American baseball player and coach (born 1917)
2013 – Joe Weider, Canadian-American bodybuilder and publisher, co-founded the International Federation of BodyBuilding & Fitness (born 1919)
2014 – Dave Brockie, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and bass player (born 1963)
2014 – Jaroslav Šerých, Czech painter and illustrator (born 1928)
2014 – Adolfo Suárez, Spanish lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Spain (born 1932)
2014 – Peter Oakley, English YouTuber (born 1927)
2015 – Gian Vittorio Baldi, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1930)
2015 – Lee Kuan Yew, Singaporean lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Singapore (born 1923)
2015 – Bobby Lowther, American basketball player and lieutenant (born 1923)
2015 – Lil' Chris, English singer-songwriter, actor, and television personality (born 1990)
2016 – Joe Garagiola, American baseball player and sportscaster (born 1926)
2016 – Ken Howard, American actor (born 1944)
2017 – Miroslava Breach, Mexican investigative journalist (born 1962)
2021 – George Segal, American actor (born 1934)
2021 – Julie Pomagalski, French snowboarder (born 1980)
2022 – Madeleine Albright, Czechoslovak-American diplomat, 64th United States Secretary of State (born 1937)
2025 – Mia Love, American politician (born 1975)
2026 – Valerie Perrine, American actress (born 1943)
2026 – Chip Taylor, American singer and songwriter (born 1940)

Holidays and observances 15

Christian feast day: Gregory the Illuminator (Episcopal Church) Gwinear Joseph Oriol Ottone Frangipane Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès (Maronite Church) Turibius of Mogrovejo Victorian, Frumentius and Companions March 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Gregory the Illuminator (Episcopal Church)
Gwinear
Joseph Oriol
Ottone Frangipane
Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès (Maronite Church)
Turibius of Mogrovejo
Victorian, Frumentius and Companions
March 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Day of Hungarian-Polish Friendship (Hungary and Poland)
Day of the Sea (Bolivia)
Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Day (Azerbaijan)
Pakistan Day (Pakistan)
Promised Messiah Day (Ahmadiyya)
World Meteorological Day